A Single Application of Compost Can Leave Lasting Impacts on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Alter Cross-Domain Interaction Networks

Our current understanding suggests that nutrient management strategies applied to agricultural soils over multiple years are required cause major and stable shifts in soil microbial communities. However, some studies suggest can benefit even from sporadic, single additions of organic matter. Here we investigate how high-quality matter significant communities cropping cycles. We grew radishes a tropical Oxisol for six crop cycles after application high-nitrogen compost or urea. At planting before biomass harvest, sampled influenced by the radish rhizosphere sequenced bacterial archaeal 16S fungal ITS rDNA marker genes. measured richness diversity, community composition structure, constructed correlation networks predict cross-domain interactions. found compost, compared urea control, resulted persistent improved plant response led sustained changes throughout duration 227-day study. Compost altered structure both prokaryotic communities, introduced new microorganisms persisted resident system, network hub taxa. In contrast, fertilization with did not significantly alter control but reduced complexity This study highlights impacts exert on microbiomes adds growing body knowledge using fertilizers as way steer microbiome toward healthier soil.